Oncoplastia, reconstrucción prepectoral inmediata e injerto libre del complejo areola-pezón en paciente BRCA 1. Informe de un caso / Oncoplasty, inmediate prepectoral reconstruction and free graft of the nipple–areola complex in patient BRCA 1. Case report

La reconstrucción prepectoral inmediata supone una alternativa cada vez más extendida para las pacientes con mayor susceptibilidad genética para padecer un cáncer de mama. La técnica más utilizada para la mastectomía y reconstrucción prepectoral con malla acelular consiste en un abordaje mediante incisión lateral sin modificar las características del envoltorio cutáneo. Las pacientes con importante ptosis mamaria pueden suponer una limitación en la reconstrucción prepectoral debido a la proyección protésica en el nuevo centro mamario, que se encontrará en posición craneal al complejo areola-pezón. No existen casos documentados en la literatura científica disponible que describan reconstrucciones prepectorales inmediatas con injertos libres del complejo areola-pezón. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer de 34 años con importantes antecedentes familiares de cáncer de mama y diagnóstico de mutación en el gen BRCA 1. Solicitó realizar cirugía de reducción de riesgo. Se intervino mediante mastectomía subcutánea a través de un patrón de mamoplastia vertical y reconstrucción prepectoral con prótesis y malla acelular con injerto libre del complejo areola-pezón en el nuevo centro mamario. Mostramos que es posible asociar el diseño de un patrón oncoplástico con injerto libre del complejo areola-pezón a una técnica de reconstrucción inmediata prepectoral con prótesis y malla acelular. (AU)

Immediate prepectoral reconstruction is an increasingly widespread alternative for patients with a higher genetic susceptibility to breast cancer. The most commonly used technique for mastectomy and prepectoral reconstruction with acellular mesh is a lateral incision approach without changing the characteristics of the skin envelope. Patients with significant breast ptosis can be a limitation in prepectoral reconstruction due to the prosthetic projection in the new breast centre, which will be cranial to the nipple–areola complex. There are no documented cases in the available scientific literature describing immediate prepectoral reconstructions with free grafts of the nipple–areola complex. We present the clinical case of a 34-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer and a diagnosis of BRCA 1 gene mutation. She underwent subcutaneous mastectomy through a vertical mammoplasty pattern and prepectoral reconstruction with prosthesis and acellular mesh with free grafting of the nipple–areola complex in the new breast centre. We show that it is possible to associate the design of an oncoplastic pattern with free grafting of the nipple–areola complex to an immediate prepectoral reconstruction technique with prosthesis and acellular mesh. (AU)

Burnout in Specialized Care Nurses during the First COVID-19 Outbreak in Spain.

Background: One of the most outstanding consequences of the pandemic is the impact it had on the mental health of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in specialised services. Aim: The aim was to analyse the burnout levels of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in specialised care and their relationship with variables of the socio-occupational context. Method: This was a quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, which included a sample of 355 nursing professionals. The instrument used was a questionnaire (Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS)). Results: A mean score of 27.44 (SD = 12.01) was obtained in the subscale "Emotional exhaustion"; in "Depersonalisation", the mean score was 7.26 (SD = 6.00); and, finally, in "Personal fulfilment", the mean score was 38.27 (SD = 7.04). Statistically significant differences were found in the subscale "Emotional exhaustion", which is higher in women than in men. The subscale "Personal Accomplishment" was higher in the age group 51-65 years. Regarding the "Depersonalisation" subscale, statistically significant differences were found with respect to the years of experience in the current service, which is higher in the group aged 39 years or more. Conclusion: Intervention programmes are required in healthcare systems to improve the emotional well-being of nursing professionals.